Many garden forms have been derived from the original type, with pink, white, yellow, marbled, etc. flowers. There are also forms with double flowers, in which the styles become extra petals.
This species is native to China, from where it has spread and naturalised in tropical and subtropical areas all over the world.
It needs good soil, moderate temperatures and sunny exposure. It is easily propagated by cuttings, as cultivated specimens rarely bear fruit.
The tender leaves can be used as a substitute for spinach, and the flowers are eaten raw or cooked, although they are also used as a colouring agent, giving a purple touch to dishes.
The root is also edible, although it has little flavour, is very fibrous and has a mucilaginous texture.
In Chinese folk medicine, it is said to have antispasmodic, analgesic, astringent, mildly laxative, emmenagogue and anti-irritant properties.
Plants with red flowers are associated with sexual desire and passionate love. The petals are used to make incense and love sachets, and in some parts of the Pacific Islands the petals are used to tell fortunes.
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